happens, and even vital documents can disappear. Fires, disasters, theft, gremlins. My wife and I kept our birth certificates, marriage certificate, and passports in a safe, and had the safe stolen a few years ago. (It’s where my wife stored her prescription fentanyl, and a troubled adult son of a neighbor figured that out…)
As far as replacing vital records… depending on the jurisdictions involved, it can be a process, and there are plenty of non-actuaries out there who, for whatever reason, can’t understand bureaucratic processes.
You might be surprised…and even if they know generally where they were born, they don’t always know which government entity to turn to. There’s a reason Americans have a stereotype of being lousy at geography. Perhaps they know they were born in City X in state Y…but do they know to put down County Z on the paperwork / to submit the records request to County Z, in states where that’s the process?
And then, if they’re of limited means, the costs associated with obtaining such records, both in terms of time and finances, may not be trivial.
I also have had the experience of helping out with an urban street ministry that tries to help homeless people transition back to more conventional life. Sometimes, part of the challenge is getting them the ID they need to function in society…and getting the necessary documents to get the ID can be a big challenge.
For example, if you were born in Arkansas, have no valid ID, and have no (or no contact with) close blood relatives, you have to go before a judge and secure a court order to get a copy of your birth certificate…if you can convince them that you are who you say you are.
Fortunately, very few people have to do that…especially since the success rate is low unless you know who the two sympathetic judges in the state are, and how to get on their dockets.